우리 대학 데이비드 윌리엄 김(David William Kim)교수가 1950년대 초기 UN의료정책 연구의 일환으로 한국전쟁(1950-53)에 참가한 스칸디나비안 국가들의 국제정치, 군사(NATO), 의료복지, Humanitarian 사상을 분석한 연구가 스웨덴의 서전병원, 덴마크의 Jutlandia 그리고 노르웨이의 NORMASH를 통해 전개된 것이 이분야 혁신적인 연구로 인정받아 유럽의 SCI급 저널(Springer: East Asia: An International Quarterly)에서 출판하게 되었다. 아래는 원문의 일부를 소개하고 있다:
Asso. Prof. Dr. David William Kim
The Korean War (1950–1953) in East Asia (or the Far East) is often labelled as a “Forgotten War” in the West including North America. Like 18 nations (including China and Soviet Union) who sent military forces, the medical support nations had political reasons of international relations. Italy, as a non-UN member, and Germany, after World War II, cautiously dispatched non-military hospitals, whereas India was a brave MASH in sense of military duty. Meanwhile, the Scandinavian allies of the United Nations (UN) were individually distinct.
This paper explores the military-historical backgrounds by which each of the following Northern European nation, decided to send unarmed skilled personnel to aid South Korea. The Swedish medical staff, though under the serious strain of the war, contributed extra support for a huge number of refugees in Busan. They improved the health condition of children through supplying them with the BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccination. The foundation of the Swedish Medical Team in Korea (SMTK) exhibited evidence of their volunteerism as well as the new culture of adopting war orphans. The hospital ship from Denmark played a similar role of humanitarian aid for refugee children. With the high standard of medical facilities, they provided systematic education for local doctors and nurses to improve their skills. The mobility of the MS Jutlandia not only helped soldiers in and around the Incheon harbor, they also created a children’s department on board.
Figure 1: MS Jutlandia hospital ship and wounded Korean children
The NORMASH looked externally similar to other MASHs, but internally, they were composed by non-military volunteers, whose patients, according to the testimonial records, almost all recovered safely whenever they reached the war zone hospital. In particular, the role of the “Korea Sisters (Norwegian nurses)” was well informed for war trauma care as well as teaching self-nursing skills for regional people. Such a volunteerism from the three Scandinavian allies bore an international organization for the post-Korean war society. In particular, the collaborative commitment of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway to the National Medical Centre (NMC) became a role model for other nations as part of the post-war policy of the UN. The tradition of humanitarianism was handed down to the NMC, which became the foundation of the Korean public health system in the 1960s as well as a top actor in the response to COVID-19 in terms of both quarantine and prevention.
For more details, see https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12140-021-09369-8
